Reliability Checks to Consider Before Approving a Glass Heater Design
https://custom-heating-systems.northcrestbrief.com/posts/how-electrical-resistance-influences-ito-glass-heater-performance
In camera windows, a glass heater must deliver heat in a controlled way. It uses a glass panel combined with a conductive heating layer or heater element. One useful trait is anti-fog capability. Still, thermal stress can change the result